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Hydrogeologic Framework and Considerations for Drilling and Grouting of Closed-Loop Geothermal Bores in the Erie-Ontario Lowlands and Allegheny Plateau of New York State

Open-File Report 2025-1013
By: , , and 
https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251013

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Abstract

The hydrogeologic framework at closed-loop geothermal sites in the Erie-Ontario Lowlands and Allegheny Plateau of central and western New York is the result of the complex interaction of bedrock geology, glacial geology, and groundwater hydrology, and the occurrence of petroleum and gas. Considerations for closed-loop geothermal bore installation include the thickness and character of glacial deposits, bedrock solubility and depth to competent rock, karst development, the distribution of highly permeable zones and their hydraulic heads, and the presence of saline water, gas, and oil. The hydrogeology of the Erie-Ontario Lowlands and Allegheny Plateau poses challenges to closed-loop geothermal bore drilling and casing; managing drill cuttings, discharge water, and gas; and grouting. The potential to encounter severe challenges typically increases with bore depth. This report highlights hydrogeologic considerations for closed-loop geothermal bore installation in New York’s Erie-Ontario Lowlands and Allegheny Plateau to help guide the efficient and safe development of geothermal resources in the regions.

Suggested Citation

Williams, J.H., Kappel, W.M., and Woda, J.C., 2025, Hydrogeologic framework and considerations for drilling and grouting of closed-loop geothermal bores in the Erie-Ontario Lowlands and Allegheny Plateau of New York State: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1013, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251013.

ISSN: 2331-1258 (online)

Study Area

Table of Contents

  • Acknowledgments
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Bedrock Geology
  • Glacial Geology
  • Groundwater Hydrology
  • Petroleum and Gas Occurrence
  • Considerations for Bore Drilling and Grouting
  • Summary
  • Links for Additional Information
  • References Cited
Publication type Report
Publication Subtype USGS Numbered Series
Title Hydrogeologic framework and considerations for drilling and grouting of closed-loop geothermal bores in the Erie-Ontario Lowlands and Allegheny Plateau of New York State
Series title Open-File Report
Series number 2025-1013
DOI 10.3133/ofr20251013
Publication Date April 22, 2025
Year Published 2025
Language English
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Publisher location Reston, VA
Contributing office(s) New York Water Science Center
Description v, 11 p.
Country United States
State New York
Other Geospatial Allegheny Plateau, Erie-Ontario Lowlands
Online Only (Y/N) Y
Additional Online Files (Y/N) N
Additional publication details